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Publications

Journal Article Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 9 citations

PubMed: 38887195 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14781

Inflammatory response in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury: The role of XCL1-XCR1 axis and T cells.

CNS Neurosci Ther 30(6):e14781

Authors: Mingkang Zhang, Xiaonan Han, Liyan Yan, Yikun Fu, Hongwei Kou, Chunfeng Shang, Junmin Wang, Hongjian Liu, Chao Jiang, Jian Wang, Tian Cheng

Affiliations

  • Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
  • Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
  • Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are acquired injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) caused by external forces that cause temporary or permanent sensory and motor impairments and the potential for long-term disability or even death. These conditions currently lack effective treatments and impose substantial physical, social, and economic burdens on millions of people and families worldwide. TBI and SCI involve intricate pathological mechanisms, and the inflammatory response contributes significantly to secondary injury in TBI and SCI. It plays a crucial role in prolonging the post-CNS trauma period and becomes a focal point for a potential therapeutic intervention. Previous research on the inflammatory response has traditionally concentrated on glial cells, such as astrocytes and microglia. However, increasing evidence highlights the crucial involvement of lymphocytes in the inflammatory response to CNS injury, particularly CD8 + T cells and NK cells, along with their downstream XCL1-XCR1 axis.

OBJECTIVE

This review aims to provide an overview of the role of the XCL1-XCR1 axis and the T-cell response in inflammation caused by TBI and SCI and identify potential targets for therapy.

METHODS

We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science using relevant keywords related to the XCL1-XCR1 axis, T-cell response, TBI, and SCI.

RESULTS

This study examines the upstream and downstream pathways involved in inflammation caused by TBI and SCI, including interleukin-15 (IL-15), interleukin-12 (IL-12), CD8 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, NK cells, XCL1, XCR1 + dendritic cells, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), helper T0 cells (Th0 cells), helper T1 cells (Th1 cells), and helper T17 cells (Th17 cells). We describe their proinflammatory effect in TBI and SCI.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that the XCL1-XCR1 axis and the T-cell response have great potential for preclinical investigations and treatments for TBI and SCI.

MeSH

Interferon-Gamma, Cells, Interleukin-15, Spinal Cord, Central Nervous System Diseases, Killer Cells, Natural, Interleukin-12, Brain, Spinal Cord Injuries, Th1 Cells, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Th17 Cells, Therapeutics, Wounds And Injuries, Spine

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