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Journal Article Scoping Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 13 citations

PubMed: 39954693 DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00341-8

Inflammatory bowel disease in south Asia: a scoping review.

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 10(3):259-274

Authors: Shabari Shenoy, Anuraag Jena, Carrie Levinson, Vishal Sharma, Parakkal Deepak, Tina Aswani-Omprakash, Shaji Sebastian, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Manasi Agrawal

Affiliations

  • Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
  • Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India; South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
  • Gustave L and Janet W Levy Library, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  • Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
  • Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA; South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
  • South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA.
  • South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA; IBD Unit, Hull University Teaching Hospitals, Hull, UK.
  • The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  • The Dr Henry D Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; South Asian IBD Alliance, New York, NY, USA; Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising at an alarming rate in south Asia and there is a paucity of data on IBD in this region. For this scoping review, we conducted a systematic search to identify all observational and interventional studies on IBD in south Asia. Of 14 924 potentially eligible studies, 524 were included in this scoping review and summarised under the domains of epidemiology, natural history, phenotype and comorbid conditions, therapeutics, and psychosocial health. According to the literature, IBD incidence and prevalence are rising in south Asia and among south Asian immigrants, and the diagnostic rate is higher in men than in women. Genetic predisposition is an important risk factor in south Asia, whereas environmental risk factors are less clear. Delay in diagnosis, although possibly decreasing over time, is common in south Asia and is associated with worse outcomes. There are no clear differences in IBD phenotype and severity in south Asia relative to Europe and North America. Corticosteroids and immunomodulators are the mainstay of treatment in south Asia whereas the use of biologics is less common. Mental health disorders, malnutrition, and reduced quality of life are prevalent in patients with IBD in south Asia, and the use of complementary and alternative medicines among patients is an important consideration. Key knowledge gaps include the paucity of data from countries other than India, prospective, long-term, follow-up studies, and clinical drug trials in south Asia. IBD is a growing challenge in this region and warrants urgent clinical interventions, research, resource allocation, and health policy implementation.

MeSH

Liver Diseases, Phenotype, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Risk Factors, Therapeutics, Gastrointestinal Diseases

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