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Journal Article Review Epublish 59 citations

PubMed: 34960033 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124482

Impact of Obesity in Kidney Diseases.

Nutrients 13(12)

Authors: Vasilios Kotsis, Fernando Martinez, Christina Trakatelli, Josep Redon

Affiliations

  • 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension-24h ABPM ESH Center of Excellence, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 564 29 Pavlos Melas, Greece.
  • Internal Medicine Hospital Clínico de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • Cardiovascular and Renal Research Group, INCLIVA Research Institute, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  • CIBERObn Carlos III Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Abstract

The clinical consequences of obesity on the kidneys, with or without metabolic abnormalities, involve both renal function and structures. The mechanisms linking obesity and renal damage are well understood, including several effector mechanisms with interconnected pathways. Higher prevalence of urinary albumin excretion, sub-nephrotic syndrome, nephrolithiasis, increased risk of developing CKD, and progression to ESKD have been identified as being associated with obesity and having a relevant clinical impact. Moreover, renal replacement therapy and kidney transplantation are also influenced by obesity. Losing weight is key in limiting the impact that obesity produces on the kidneys by reducing albuminuria/proteinuria, declining rate of eGFR deterioration, delaying the development of CKD and ESKD, and improving the outcome of a renal transplant. Weight reduction may also contribute to appropriate control of cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and dyslipidemia which may be protective not only in renal damage but also cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle changes, some drugs, and bariatric surgery have demonstrated the benefits.

MeSH

Risk, Kidney Diseases, Transplants, Obesity, Bariatric Surgery

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