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Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Ppublish 11 citations

PubMed: 37022185 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05233-22

Correlation between the IgG/IgA Antibody Response against PEDV Structural Protein and Virus Neutralization.

Microbiol Spectr 11(3):e0523322

Authors: Xu Song, Jiali Qian, Chuanhong Wang, Dandan Wang, Junming Zhou, Yongxiang Zhao, Wei Wang, Jizong Li, Rongli Guo, Yunchuan Li, Xuejiao Zhu, Shanshan Yang, Xuehan Zhang, Baochao Fan, Bin Li

Affiliations

  • Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
  • Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.
  • School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
  • Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China.
  • Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China. School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China.
  • Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China. School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China. School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China.

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal infectious disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Large-scale outbreaks of PEDV have caused huge economic losses to the pig industry since 2010. Neutralizing antibodies play a pivotal role in protecting piglets from enteric infections. However, there has been no systematic report on the correlations between neutralizing antibody titers (NTs) and absorbance values of IgG or IgA to all PEDV individual structural proteins in clinical serum, fecal, and colostrum samples. In this study, the spike protein S1 domain (S1), membrane protein (M), envelope protein (E), and nucleocapsid protein (N) of the variant PEDV strain AH2012/12 were expressed and purified by using the human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293F expression system. A total of 92 clinical serum samples, 46 fecal samples, and 33 colostrum samples were collected, and the correlations between IgG or IgA absorbance values and NTs were analyzed. values revealed that anti-S1 IgA absorbance values show the highest agreement with NTs in all serum, fecal, and colostrum samples, followed by the N protein. The correlations between anti-E or M IgA and NTs were very low. However, in the colostrum samples, both IgG and IgA to S1 showed high correlations with NTs. In addition, compared with E and M, the highest correlations of IgA absorbance values were with N and S1 in serum and fecal samples. Overall, this study revealed the highest correlation between NTs and IgA to PEDV S1 protein. Therefore, the diagnostic method with anti-S1 IgA can be used as a powerful tool for assessing the immune status of pigs. The humoral immune response plays an important role in virus neutralization. Against PEDV, both IgG and the mucosal immune component IgA play roles in virus neutralization. However, which plays a more prominent role and whether there are differences in different tissue samples are not clearly reported. Additionally, the relationship between IgG and IgA against individual structural proteins and viral neutralization remains unclear. In this study, we systematically determined the relationship between IgG and IgA against all PEDV structural proteins and viral neutralization in different clinical samples and found the highest correlation between neutralization activity and IgA to PEDV S1 protein. Our data have important guiding implications in the evaluation of immune protection.

MeSH

Microbiological Phenomena, Diarrhea, Antibody Formation, Immunoglobulin A, Viruses, Serum, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Epidemics

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