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Publications

Journal Article Review Epublish 67 citations

PubMed: 37834324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914876

COVID-19 Complications: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial and Endothelial Dysfunction.

Int J Mol Sci 24(19)

Authors: Ekaterina Georgieva, Julian Ananiev, Yovcho Yovchev, Georgi Arabadzhiev, Hristo Abrashev, Despina Abrasheva, Vasil Atanasov, Rositsa Kostandieva, Mitko Mitev, Kamelia Petkova-Parlapanska, Yanka Karamalakova, Iliana Koleva-Korkelia, Vanya Tsoneva, Galina Nikolova

Affiliations

  • Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Forensic Medicine, Deontology and Dermatovenerology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str. 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, University Hospital "Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich", 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str. 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • II Department of Internal Medicine Therapy: Cardiology, Rheumatology, Hematology and Gastroenterology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Military Medical Academy, 3 G. Sofiiski, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital "Prof. Dr. St. Kirkovich", 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str. 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic, University Hospital "Prof. St. Kirkovich", 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
  • Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str. 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection, discovered and isolated in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, causes acute atypical respiratory symptoms and has led to profound changes in our lives. COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of complications, which include pulmonary embolism, thromboembolism and arterial clot formation, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, multiorgan failure, and more. The disease has caused a worldwide pandemic, and despite various measures such as social distancing, various preventive strategies, and therapeutic approaches, and the creation of vaccines, the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) still hides many mysteries for the scientific community. Oxidative stress has been suggested to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, and determining free radical levels in patients with coronavirus infection may provide an insight into disease severity. The generation of abnormal levels of oxidants under a COVID-19-induced cytokine storm causes the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of macromolecules and subsequent damage to cells, tissues, and organs. Clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress initiates endothelial damage, which increases the risk of complications in COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 or long-COVID-19 cases. This review describes the role of oxidative stress and free radicals in the mediation of COVID-19-induced mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction.

MeSH

Oxidative Stress, Stress, Physiological, Embolism, Free Radicals, Coronavirus Infections, Covid-19

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