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Journal Article Epublish 5 citations

PubMed: 38369472 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02340-8

Link between organic nanovescicles from vegetable kingdom and human cell physiology: intracellular calcium signalling.

J Nanobiotechnology 22(1):68

Authors: Martina Trentini, Ilaria Zanolla, Elena Tiengo, Federica Zanotti, Eduardo Sommella, Fabrizio Merciai, Pietro Campiglia, Danilo Licastro, Margherita Degasperi, Luca Lovatti, Massimo Bonora, Alberto Danese, Paolo Pinton, Barbara Zavan

Affiliations

  • Department Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Departiment of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
  • AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
  • Department Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) are a novelty in medical and agrifood environments, with several studies exploring their functions and potential applications. Among fruits, apples (sp. Malus domestica) have great potential as PDNVs source, given their widespread consumption, substantial waste production, and recognized health benefits. Notably, apple-derived nanovesicles (ADNVs) can interact with human cell lines, triggering anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses. This work is dedicated to the comprehensive biochemical characterization of apple-derived nanovesicles (ADNVs) through proteomic and lipidomic analysis, and small RNAs sequencing. This research also aims to shed light on the underlying mechanism of action (MOA) when ADNVs interface with human cells, through observation of intracellular calcium signalling in human fibroblasts, and to tackles differences in ADNVs content when isolated from fruits derived from integrated and organic production methods cultivars.

RESULTS

The ADNVs fraction is mainly composed of exocyst-positive organelles (EXPOs) and MVB-derived exosomes, identified through size and molecular markers (Exo70 and TET-3-like proteins). ADNVs' protein cargo is heterogeneous and exhibits a diverse array of functions, especially in plant's protection (favouring ABA stress-induced signalling, pathogen resistance and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) metabolism). Noteworthy plant miRNAs also contribute to phytoprotection. In relation with human cells lines, ADNVs elicit spikes of intracellular Ca levels, utilizing the cation as second messenger, and produce an antioxidant effect. Lastly, organic samples yield a substantial increase in ADNV production and are particularly enriched in bioactive lysophospholipids.

CONCLUSIONS

We have conclusively demonstrated that ADNVs confer an antioxidant effect upon human cells, through the initiation of a molecular pathway triggered by Ca signalling. Within ADNVs, a plethora of bioactive proteins, small RNAs, and lipids have been identified, each possessing well-established functions within the realm of plant biology. While ADNVs predominantly function in plants, to safeguard against pathogenic agents and abiotic stressors, it is noteworthy that proteins with antioxidant power might act as antioxidants within human cells.

MeSH

Cell Physiological Phenomena, Cells, Physiology, Stress, Physiological, Fruit, Antioxidants, Calcium, Vegetables, Nanotechnology

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