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Publications

Journal Article Review Epublish 21 citations

PubMed: 38791012 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051051

Transient Left Ventricular Dysfunction from Cardiomyopathies to Myocardial Viability: When and Why Cardiac Function Recovers.

Biomedicines 12(5)

Authors: Giancarlo Trimarchi, Lucio Teresi, Roberto Licordari, Alessandro Pingitore, Fausto Pizzino, Patrizia Grimaldi, Danila CalabrĂ², Paolo Liotta, Antonio Micari, Cesare de Gregorio, Gianluca Di Bella

Affiliations

  • Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cardiology Unit, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.
  • Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.
  • Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Clinical Physiology Institute, CNR, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
  • Cardiology Unit, Heart Centre, Fondazione Gabriele Monasterio-Regione Toscana, 54100 Massa, Italy.

Abstract

Transient left ventricular dysfunction (TLVD), a temporary condition marked by reversible impairment of ventricular function, remains an underdiagnosed yet significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in clinical practice. Unlike the well-explored atherosclerotic disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, the diverse etiologies of TLVD require greater attention for proper diagnosis and management. The spectrum of disorders associated with TLVD includes stress-induced cardiomyopathy, central nervous system injuries, histaminergic syndromes, various inflammatory diseases, pregnancy-related conditions, and genetically determined syndromes. Furthermore, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) origins such as coronary artery spasm, coronary thromboembolism, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) may also manifest as TLVD, eventually showing recovery. This review highlights the range of ischemic and non-ischemic clinical situations that lead to TLVD, gathering conditions like Tako-Tsubo Syndrome (TTS), Kounis syndrome (KS), Myocarditis, Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), and Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). Differentiation amongst these causes is crucial, as they involve distinct clinical, instrumental, and genetic predictors that bode different outcomes and recovery potential for left ventricular function. The purpose of this review is to improve everyday clinical approaches to treating these diseases by providing an extensive survey of conditions linked with TLVD and the elements impacting prognosis and outcomes.

MeSH

Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Arteries, Cardiomyopathies, Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Tics, Ventricular Function

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